First of all, if you don't know what calligraphy is, here is a three sentence summary: Japanese calligraphy (shodo) is a branch of calligraphy (visual art), using the symbols of the Japanese language (Hiragana, Katakana, and Kanji). Today, there are three styles used: Kaisho, Gyosho, and Sosho. Japanese calligraphy is mainly a hobby for adults, and taught to elementary kids in Japan.
The Four Treasures of Japanese calligraphy. This is the name for the basic tools needed. Which are: Brush, Ink Stone, Ink, and Paper.
The brush (fude) is the main tool for Japanese calligraphy, although you need the other three of course! It is a tool used for both drawing and writing in ancient Japan. A traditional brush is made up of bamboo body with a head of animal hair, although other materials may be used. A brush is used over a pen or pencil simply because it is softer. Strokes with the brush are more suitable for the style of Japanese characters.The size of the brush may vary. A large one is used for the art of calligraphy, while a smaller one is used for signatures. In modern times, you can buy Japanese calligraphy pens, although you won't get the natural look.
The ink stone (suzuri) is a tool used for ink grinding. It is not only made out of stone however, it may also be created from ceramic or clay. This tool is used to grind an ink stick into liquid ink. It comes in a variety of colors and designs. and is also bought and used for decoration.
Ink (sumi), well the ink stick, is made up of charcoal and glue. These days, ink can be bought in bottles, but it is not as durable as ink from an ink stick, very low quality. And as I stated, won't give it that natural feel. This ink is used by the brush on paper (kami), or Washi specifically.
It is a soft paper suitable for a brush! This paper can be made up from several materials, such as bamboo, rice, wheat, gampi bark, mitsumata branches, or mulberry bark. Rice paper (hanshi) can also be used. Paperweights are a good idea to hold it steady while you work.
Whether you choose to use the Four Treasures of Japanese calligraphy, or a calligraphy pen and paper, or a brush and some bottled ink, is entirely up to you! Just practice and enjoy creating calligraphy!
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